Once during the service of Later Qin (Houqin 后秦), the Xiongnu 匈奴 Helian Bobo 赫连勃勃 rebelled against this kingdom and made himself as the king and Great Chieftain (Da Shanyu 大单于) of Xia 夏.

In the next decade, the kingdom of Northern Wei (Beiwei 北魏) advanced further to the south and finally took Chang'an 长安 (modern Xi'an) and killed Helian Ding 赫连定, when he was about to cross the Yellow River east on his flight. The politics of Xia are often described as showing no instigation of any establishment of a civil administration, and Helian Bobo is said being a hardnosed tyrant who destroyed any civilian institution. But in fact, we possess a coin castled by Helian Bobo so that we must assume that he was at least concerned about the basics of a civilian government.

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Western Qin

Xia Dynasty

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